منابع مشابه
Primary care - first line of defence.
the Ebola outbreak in West Africa to be a public health emergency of international concern (WHO 2014b). This step helps to raise global awareness and mobilize resources to support outbreak management, reflecting the seriousness of the situation in affected countries and the strong need for an internationally coordinated response. At the time of the declaration, there were 961 deaths and 1,779 c...
متن کاملFirst line of defence: the role of sloughing in the regulation of cutaneous microbes in frogs
Amphibian populations worldwide are currently experiencing unprecedented declines due to the combined effects of emerging infectious disease and climate change. The skin is the first line of defence in preventing establishment of pathogens and associated infections. Although amphibians undergo regular sloughing of the outer layer of the skin, the potential for regular sloughing to play a role i...
متن کاملSignal detection as the first line of defence in tourism crisis management
The vulnerability of the tourism industry to a range of crises has attracted many scholars to investigate the crisis strategies and practices employed by destinations and tourism organizations mainly with regards to crisis preparedness, containment and damage limitation, crisis recovery and subsequent learning. One over-looked area has been that of crisis signal detection. This paper proposes a...
متن کاملInnate myeloid cell TNFR1 mediates first line defence against primary Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection.
TNF is crucial for controlling Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection and understanding how will help immunomodulating the host response. Here we assessed the contribution of TNFR1 pathway from innate myeloid versus T cells. We first established the prominent role of TNFR1 in haematopoietic cells for controlling M. tuberculosis in TNFR1 KO chimera mice. Further, absence of TNFR1 specifically on m...
متن کاملPulmonary surfactant protein D in first-line innate defence against influenza A virus infections.
Influenza A viruses (IAV) cause respiratory tract infections annually associated with excess mortality and morbidity. Nonspecific, innate immune mechanisms play a key role in protection against viral invasion at early stages of infection. A soluble protein present in mucosal secretions of the lung, surfactant protein D (SP-D), is an important component of this initial barrier that helps to prev...
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Nature Reviews Microbiology
سال: 2005
ISSN: 1740-1526,1740-1534
DOI: 10.1038/nrmicro1302